Modeling and energy management of a photovoltaicfuel cell. Fuel cells in an electric powertrain fuel cell and battery electric vehicles both use electric drivetrains, but where battery electric vehicles bev power their motors solely with batteries, fuel cell electric vehicles fcev are hybrids, powered by a hydrogen fuel cell with a small battery. Comparative analysis of battery electric, hydrogen fuel. This basic configuration can be adjusted depending on. Evs30 international battery, hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicle symposium 3 3. China first aims to form an earlystage fcev market for commercial fleet such as buses and trucks, and then to roll it out to the personal passenger car market in the future. Development potential of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. However, if viewed from the standpoint of welltowheels energy consumed per unit of distance traveled, the difference is more modest. Fundamentals, theory, and design modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles. A fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle fchev is more advantageous compared to a gasolinepowered internal combustion engine based vehicle or a traditional hybrid electric vehicle hev because a fchev only uses one electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine or an electric motor in combination with an internal combustion engine. A fuel cell vehicle fcv or fuel cell electric vehicle fcev is a type of electric vehicle which uses a fuel cell, instead of a battery, or in combination with a battery or supercapacitor, to power its onboard electric motor.
Lifecycle cost assessment and carbon dioxide emissions of diesel, natural gas, hybrid electric, fuel cell hybrid and electric transit buses. The book deals with the fundamentals, theory, and design of conventional cars with internal combustion engines ices, electric vehicles evs, hybrid electric vehicles hevs, and fuel cell vehicles fcvs. Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle power train system design and control diwu recently, due to elevated oil prices and the need for low emissions, the automotive industry has been clamoring for cleaner, more energyefficient vehicles. Photo by andrew hudgins, nrel 17416 electric drive vehicles at a glance hevs.
Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles fchev are considered to be one of the most promising alternatives. A series hybrid is similar to an electric vehicle with an onboard generator. A 115kw fuel cell system a lithiumion battery in a hybriddrive system offers a zero starting capability down to 30. Many automotive companies are working in developing fuel cell powered hybrid electric vehicles hev because they offer a reduced emission and improves the fuel economy. The vehicle was tested using the environmental protection agency city and highway driving cycles to provide data for validation of the model. Fuel economy analysis of mediumheavyduty trucks 20152050. For the most part it clearly explained the systems, components, hardware and software that are integrated in hybridelectric and fuel cell vehicles. Modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles. The advanced fuel cell and hydrogen generator were developed as a path to clean transportation. A fuel cell electric vehicle is an electrically driven vehicle in which electricity is generated by a fuel cell using hydrogen as an energy source.
The fuel cellelectric drive system is an economical and attractive technology for mobility with zero local emissions. Electric, fuel cell and hybrid vehicles may contain many types of high voltage systems. It comprehensively presents vehicle performance, configuration, control strategy, design. The apu operates until the batteries are charged to a predetermined level. The fuel economy and allelectric range aer of hybrid electric vehicles hevs are highly dependent on the onboard energystorage system ess of the vehicle. Development potential of hydrogen fuel cell electric. Comparison excludes plugin hybrids and electric vehicles. Moreover, it is almost entirely dependent on oilderived fuels and therefore highly vulnerable to possible oil price shocks and supply disruptions. Fuel cells in an electric powertrain fuel cell and battery electric vehicles both use electric drivetrains, but where battery electric vehicles bev power their motors solely with batteries, fuel cell electric vehicles fcev are hybrids, powered by a hydrogen fuel cell with a. Agreement on hybrid and electric vehicle technologies and programs iahev includes annex xiii on fuel. Hybrid electric vehicle hev models currently populating the vehicle electrification landscape indicate their dominance in the market. New jersey fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle new jersey genesis. This was required text for a hybrid fuel cell class i recently took at a local community colleges alternative fuel technology program. Pdf power semiconductor devices for hybrid, electric.
Optimum battery size for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. The program is a multiparty partnership of governmental, private, and academic institutions in the state of new jersey collectively known as team new jersey. Batteries and ultracapacitors for electric, hybrid, and. Adequate barriers between occupants and the high voltage systems are necessary to provide protection from potentially harmful electric current and materials within the high voltage system that can cause injury to occupants of the vehicle during and after a. Plugin hybrid electric vehicles phev provide a bridge between conventional cars and. Optimum battery size for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle part i this study explores different hybridization levels of a midsized vehicle powered by a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack. In july the mazda motor corporation released the axela hybrid. Most fuel efficient hybrid in america claim based on 2020 ioniq hybrid blue trim. Fuel economy analysis of mediumheavyduty trucks 2015. Calculated weight of fuel cell electric vehicles and battery electric vehicles as a function of the vehicle range. Fuel cellhybrid electric vehicle power train system design and control diwu recently, due to elevated oil prices and the need for low emissions, the automotive industry has been clamoring for cleaner, more energyefficient vehicles. Hybrid and plugin electric vehicles allelectric and plugin hybrid electric vehicles are charged by plugging the vehicle into an electric power source. This was required text for a hybridfuel cell class i recently took at a local community colleges alternative fuel technology program.
This vehicle is equipped with a hybrid system composed of the skyactivg 2. Hevs are powered by an ice and by an electric motor that uses energy stored in a battery. Comparative analysis of battery electric, hydrogen fuel cell core. Research and development efforts have focused on developing advanced powertrains and ef. Daniel kammen, university of california, berkeley, usa this book clearly explains the mechanical and electrical principles of the modern hybrid electric powertrains. Nfpa there are presently over 15 million alternative fuel vehicles on american roadways today.
Is a hybrid, electric or hydrogen fuelcell vehicle right for. Battery, ultracapacitor, fuel cell, and hybrid energy storage. The new jersey team is engaged currently in the development of a prototype vehicle incorporating an advanced fuel cell. Electrical safety for hybrid and electric vehicles.
The main structure of a hybrid fuel cell drivetrain is shown in. Application of directdrive wheel motor for fuel cell electric and hybrid electric vehicle propulsion system. Pdf power semiconductor devices for hybrid, electric, and. A 115kw fuel cell system a lithiumion battery in a hybrid drive system offers a zero starting capability down to 30. A paper published in 2009 in energy policy in the context of this fast moving field admittedly fairly dated comparing battery electric, hydrogen fuel cell and fuel cell hybrid vehicles found that the drivetrain costs of full fcevs is around 50% higher than battery electric vehicles, which were in turn 12 times the cost of a conventional ice. Pdf fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles researchgate. The power converter is integrated to the power sources to form the hybrid fc system.
Fuel cell electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles. Be prepared to address potential hazards and know how to handle these electric, hybrid, fuel cell, and gaseous fuel trucks, buses, commercial fleet and passenger vehicle challenges safely and effectively with nfpas emergency field guide, 2018 edition. The fuel cell electric drive system is an economical and attractive technology for mobility with zero local emissions. The effects of the battery size on the overall energy losses for different. Fuel economy of hybrid fuel cell vehicles autonomie. At that point the apu turns on and begins recharging the battery. For the most part it clearly explained the systems, components, hardware and software that are integrated in hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles. The electric drive converts the energy into motion. Lifecycle cost assessment and carbon dioxide emissions of diesel, natural gas, hybrid electric, fuel cell hybrid and electric. Power semiconducto r devices for hybrid, electric, an d fuel cell vehicle s v o l. Is a hybrid, electric or hydrogen fuelcell vehicle right. Battery, ultracapacitor, fuel cell, and hybrid energy. Hybrid and plugin electric vehicles all electric and plugin hybrid electric vehicles are charged by plugging the vehicle into an electric power source. The company plans to deploy a small fleet of the fuel cell borregos on roadways during 2010.
Introduction road transport today is responsible for a significant and growing share of global anthropogenic emissions of co 2. Ford motor company donated an aluminum mercury sable as the platform for the prototype development. Batteries and ultracapacitors for electric, hybrid, and fuel. Fuel cell fc application in vehicular technology has gained much popularity since the past few years. Simulation results indicate the equivalent fuel economy of the fuel cell powered vehicles is 23 times higher than that of a gasoline fueled ic vehicle of the same weight and road load. Battery, ultracapacitor, fuel cell, and hybrid energy storage systems for electric, hybrid electric, fuel cell, and plugin hybrid electric vehicles. Fuel cell vehicles are electric vehicles powered by batteries and fuel cell. There have been five revisions of this suv concept since, each with improved fuel cells and electric drivetrains. The evolution of key enabling technologies was evaluated over a 30 year time horizon. Roadshows ultimate guide to the wide world of hybrids, plugins, evs and more. Photo by andrew hudgins, nrel 17416 electricdrive vehicles at a glance hevs. Batteries and fuel cells for emerging electric vehicle markets.
Although electric, plugin, and fuel cell vehicles are making inroads in the market, the hev stands as the market leader in adoption, and manufacturers have no plans on diminishing hev production. Hybrid electric powertrain with fuel cells for a series vehicle mdpi. Typically, fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle fchev consists of fuel cell, battery andor ultracapacitor uc as the power sources. Multilocation demonstration that utilizes multiple hydrogen fueling stations. Vehicle data and model results show good correlation at all levels and show that advisor has the capability to model fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles. Pure electric vehicles currently do not have adequate range. Modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles provides the needed analytic foundation for this vehicle revolution. Recommended practice for electric, fuel cell and hybrid. A fuel cellelectric vehicle is an electrically driven vehicle in which electricity is generated by a fuel cell using hydrogen as an energy source.
In particular the configuration depends on the desired hybridization level and on the fuel cell and batteries rules. Hev powertrain operation is totally different from the. As shown here, the extra weight to increase the range of the fuel cell ev is. Recommended practice for electric and hybrid electric vehicle battery systems crash integrity testing. Fuel cell electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and their impact on energy storage technologies. Systems integration, modeling, and validation of a fuel.
Is a hybrid, electric or hydrogen fuelcell vehicle right for you in 2019. Maximum speed of 100 mph traveling range of 315 miles. Dcdc converters for fuel cell powered hybrid electric vehicle. The drivetrain consists of a fuel cell system, a storage device for electrical energy, power electronics, and the electric machine at a minimum. The ice, the generator and the electric motor are dimensioned to handle the full power of the vehicle. Apr 30, 2019 is a hybrid, electric or hydrogen fuelcell vehicle right for you in 2019. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity to power the motor, generally using oxygen from the air and compressed. New jersey fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle new jersey.
Fuel cell electric vehicle evaluation jennifer kurtz pi, sam sprik, chris ainscough, genevieve saur june 7, 2017. Adequate barriers between occupants and the high voltage systems are necessary to provide protection from potentially harmful electric current and materials within the high voltage system that can cause injury to occupants of the vehicle during and after a crash. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity to power the motor, generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen. All figures are epa estimates and for comparison only. Vehicle, fuel economy, carbon footprint, realworld. Most fuel efficient hybrid in america claim for blue trim based on epaestimated combined mpg. Design and analysis of fuelcell hybrid systems oriented to.
How ever, batteries and scs do not compete but are complementary in the development of hybrid electric vehicles hevs because of the high specific energy of. Fuel cell hybrid electric delivery van design, build, validation, deployment, and data collection project in the ups fleet environment. Emergency field guide, 2018 edition nfpa catalog home. Pdf application of directdrive wheel motor for fuel. Whatever clean energy option you are looking for, we have the right fit for you. The energy buffer considered is a leadacidtype battery. Demonstration projects regarding the development of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles fchevs and in particular minibus, citycar, bicycle, tractor and airplane. Fuel cellhybrid electric vehicles fchev are considered to be one of the most promising alternatives. Pdf application of directdrive wheel motor for fuel cell. Comparative analysis of battery electric, hydrogen fuel cell. This hybrid vehicle combines the plugin hybrid technology edrive technology adopted on the i8 vehicle with the xdrive system of the x5 vehicle. Pdf finally, the range extender configuration is characterized by a small size fuel cell used like on board batteries recharge. Energystorage devices charge during low power demands and discharge during high power demands, acting as.
The tractor projects intends to demonstrate that the fuel cell can be applied in the farm context because hydrogen could be produced on site using different methods biomass, wind. Discover toyota mirai, the future of hydrogen cars. These components will be improved in the coming years as part of the advanced vehicle development programs. Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle new jersey genesis project. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information. The road ahead toyotas first fuel cell prototype, a hydrogen fuel cell powered rav4, was demonstrated in 1996. China first aims to form an earlystage fcev market for commercial fleet such as buses and trucks, and then to roll it.
First, a completed pvfchev system, which consists of the electric power system, the control system, and the vehicle powertrain system, is modeled. Hyundai alternative fuel vehicles hybrid and fuel cell. Furthermore, despite studies comparing conventional, hybrid, electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles granovskii et al. Structures of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle weaknesses of series hybrid vehicles. A fuel cell hybrid electric always has a series configuration. Pdf fundamentals, theory, and design modern electric. Rousseau argonne national laboratory, argonne, il introduction automobile manufacturers are introducing gaselectric hybrids to overcome the drop off in the efficiency of the internal combustion engines ice at part loads. The cruising range using only external electric power as its energy source converted ev running distance is 30. The fuel economy and all electric range aer of hybrid electric vehicles hevs are highly dependent on the onboard energystorage system ess of the vehicle.
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